Locked in Structure: Sestrin and GATOR-A Billion-Year Marriage.

Sestrins are a conserved family of stress-responsive proteins that play a crucial role in cellular metabolism, stress response, and ageing. Vertebrates have three Sestrin genes (, , and ), while invertebrates encode only one. Initially identified as antioxidant proteins that regulate cell viability, Sestrins are now recognised as crucial inhibitors of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 kinase (mTORC1), a central regulator of anabolism, cell growth, and autophagy.

[Determination of calcium metabolism markers concentration in patients with calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis].

Unlabelled: THE AIM OF THE RESEARCH: to reveal the relationship of various markers of calcium metabolism (osteopontin (OPN), parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH)) on the course of urolithiasis (Urolithiasis) in patients with calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis.

Materials And Methods: 100 people were examined, the following groups were included: group 1 - patients with calcium oxalate primary nephrolithiasis (n=41), group 2 - with calcium oxalate recurrent nephrolithiasis (n=39). Group 3 included conditionally healthy volunteers (n=20).

Sestrin family - the stem controlling healthy ageing.

Sestrins are a family of stress-responsive antioxidant proteins responsible for regulation of cell viability and metabolism. The best known Sestrin targets are mTORC1 and mTORC2 kinases that control different cellular processes including growth, viability, autophagy, and mitochondrial metabolism. Inactivation of the single Sestrin gene in invertebrates has an adverse impact on their healthspan and longevity, whereas each of the three Sestrin genes in mammals and other vertebrate organisms has a different impact on maintenance of a particular tissue, affecting its stress tolerance, function and regenerative capability.

Mitochondrial localization of SESN2.

SESN2 is a member of the evolutionarily conserved sestrin protein family found in most of the Metazoa species. The SESN2 gene is transcriptionally activated by many stress factors, including metabolic derangements, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and DNA-damage. As a result, SESN2 controls ROS accumulation, metabolism, and cell viability.

[The use of herbal supplement Renotinex based on terpenes for the complex treatment of patients with urinary stone disease].

Aim: to evaluate the efficiency of dietary supplements Renotinex for the complex treatment of patients with urinary stone disease who undergone to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).

Materials And Methods: a total of 60 patients with uncomplicated form of the urinary stone disease with the first stone episode (of size up to 1 cm) were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups of 30 people and treated by ESWL.