Machine Learning for the Prediction of Procedural Case Durations Developed Using a Large Multicenter Database: Algorithm Development and Validation Study.

Background: Accurate projections of procedural case durations are complex but critical to the planning of perioperative staffing, operating room resources, and patient communication. Nonlinear prediction models using machine learning methods may provide opportunities for hospitals to improve upon current estimates of procedure duration.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether a machine learning algorithm scalable across multiple centers could make estimations of case duration within a tolerance limit because there are substantial resources required for operating room functioning that relate to case duration.

Improving Adherence to Evidence-based Practice for Uncomplicated UTI in a Pediatric Emergency Department.

Introduction: Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs) are among the more common pediatric bacterial infections. Despite their prevalence, significant variability exists in the treatment duration and antibiotic selection for uUTI. Our first aim was to improve adherence to a three-day course of antibiotic treatment for uUTI in children over 24 months old.

Development of a Machine Learning Model of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury Using Non-Invasive Time-Sensitive Intraoperative Predictors.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major postoperative complication that lacks established intraoperative predictors. Our objective was to develop a prediction model using preoperative and high-frequency intraoperative data for postoperative AKI. In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated 77,428 operative cases at a single academic center between 2016 and 2022.

Anhedonia and sensitivity to punishment in schizophrenia, depression and opiate use disorder.

Background: From a behavioural perspective anhedonia is defined as diminished interest in the engagement of pleasurable activities. Despite its presence across a range of psychiatric disorders, the cognitive processes that give rise to anhedonia remain unclear.

Methods: Here we examine whether anhedonia is associated with learning from positive and negative outcomes in patients diagnosed with major depression, schizophrenia and opiate use disorder alongside a healthy control group.