MHC class II proteins mediate sialic acid independent entry of human and avian H2N2 influenza A viruses.

Influenza A viruses (IAV) pose substantial burden on human and animal health. Avian, swine and human IAV bind sialic acid on host glycans as receptor, whereas some bat IAV require MHC class II complexes for cell entry. It is unknown how this difference evolved and whether dual receptor specificity is possible.

The dengue virus 4 component of NIAID's tetravalent TV003 vaccine drives its innate immune signature.

Annually, roughly 2.5 billion people are at risk for dengue virus (DENV) infection, and the incidence of infection has increased 30-fold since its discovery in the 1900s. At present, there are no globally licensed antiviral treatments or vaccines that protect against all four of the DENV serotypes.

Unraveling virus-induced cellular signaling cascades by label-free quantitative phosphoproteomics.

Due to the low stoichiometry and highly transient nature of protein phosphorylation it is challenging to capture the dynamics and complexity of phosphorylation events on a systems level. Here, we present an optimized protocol to measure virus-induced phosphorylation events with high sensitivity using label free quantification-based phosphoproteomics. Specifically, we describe filter assisted protein digestion (FASP), enrichment of phosphopeptides, mass spectrometry, and subsequent bioinformatic analysis.

Phosphoproteomic profiling of influenza virus entry reveals infection-triggered filopodia induction counteracted by dynamic cortactin phosphorylation.

Binding of influenza virus to its receptor triggers signaling cascades that reprogram the cell for infection. To elucidate global virus-induced changes to the cellular signaling landscape, we conducted a quantitative phosphoproteomic screen with human and avian influenza viruses. Proteins with functions in cell adhesion and cytoskeletal remodeling are overrepresented among the hits, and the majority of factors undergoing phosphorylation changes have a significant impact on infection efficiency.