An Inventory of Proposed and Enacted Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Policies at the State, Local, and Tribal Levels in the United States, 2014‒2023.

To inventory and describe trends in proposal and enactment of US sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) policies at state, local, and Tribal levels, 2014-2023. We systematically searched 6 policy databases in 2021 (updated May 2023) using SSB-related search terms, identifying additional policies through snowball and online searches and a survey of food-policy experts. We reviewed 10 821 policies for inclusion and quantitatively coded included policies.

Image-guided core-needle or surgical biopsy for neuroblastoma diagnosis in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the International Society of Pediatric Surgical Oncology (IPSO).

Background: Image-guided core-needle biopsy (IGCNB) is a widely used and valuable clinical tool for tissue diagnosis of pediatric neuroblastoma. However, open surgical biopsy remains common practice even if children undergo more invasive and painful procedures. This review aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy and safety of IGCNBs in pediatric patients with neuroblastoma.

Hepatic Vagotomy in Patients With Obesity Leads to Improvement of the Cholesterol to High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio.

Introduction/purpose: The obesity epidemic is rapidly growing, and visceral adiposity is associated with metabolic consequences secondary to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-induced inter-organ signaling pathways. PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors that modulate vagal pathways which can improve blood pressure, arterial remodeling, cholesterol levels, and insulin sensitivity. However, an obesity-induced inflammatory milieu can interfere with the beneficial effects of PPAR activity, suggesting that a dysregulated PPAR-vagus pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension.

Concomitant Expression of CD39, CD69, and CD103 Identifies Antitumor CD8 T Cells in Breast Cancer Implications for Adoptive Cell Therapy.

Background: In cancer, an effective immune response involves the action of several different cell types, among which CD8 T cells play a major role as they can specifically recognize and kill cancer cells via the release of cytotoxic molecules and cytokines, being of major importance for adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The inflammation resulting from the tumor growth attracts both activated and bystander T cells. For an effective antitumor response, the T cell must express a specific group of chemokine receptors and integrins which include CD103, CD39, CD69, and CD25.

[Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: University of Trieste students' skills on resuscitative maneuvers and automated external defibrillator].

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is the third leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Although most cardiac arrests are witnessed, survival is only 2-10%, since bystanders are often unable to correctly perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study aims to assess the theoretical and practical knowledge of CPR and the use of the automatic external defibrillator in university students.