External validation of AI-based scoring systems in the ICU: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Machine learning (ML) is increasingly used to predict clinical deterioration in intensive care unit (ICU) patients through scoring systems. Although promising, such algorithms often overfit their training cohort and perform worse at new hospitals. Thus, external validation is a critical - but frequently overlooked - step to establish the reliability of predicted risk scores to translate them into clinical practice.

Deep learning-based multiclass segmentation in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Introduction: Radiological scores used to assess the extent of subarachnoid hemorrhage are limited by intrarater and interrater variability and do not utilize all available information from the imaging. Image segmentation enables precise identification and delineation of objects or regions of interest and offers the potential for automatization of score assessments using precise volumetric information. Our study aims to develop a deep learning model that enables automated multiclass segmentation of structures and pathologies relevant for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage outcome prediction.

Generative modeling of the Circle of Willis using 3D-StyleGAN.

The circle of Willis (CoW) is a network of cerebral arteries with significant inter-individual anatomical variations. Deep learning has been used to characterize and quantify the status of the CoW in various applications for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular disease. In medical imaging, the performance of deep learning models is limited by the diversity and size of training datasets.

A Role for the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: A New Conceptual Model.

Objective: Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is an eating disorder characterized by a severely restrictive diet leading to significant physical and/or psychosocial sequelae. Largely owing to the phenotypic heterogeneity, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are relatively unknown. Recently, the communication between microorganisms within the gastrointestinal tract and the brain-the so-called microbiota-gut-brain axis-has been implicated in the pathophysiology of eating disorders.

Evaluation of Ultraviolet Protection Claims Made by Umbrella Brands.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to review and evaluate umbrellas sold in the United States for sun protection. Seeking shade is among the current recommendations for protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, often through the use of handheld umbrellas (HU), beach umbrellas (BU), and patio umbrellas (PU). The study aims to assess the validity of UV protection factor (UPF) claims made by manufacturers and to determine if there is sufficient testing data to support these claims.