Publications by authors named "A Helmy"

Background: The oxygen reactivity index (ORx) reflects the correlation between focal brain tissue oxygen (pbtO) and the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Previous, small cohort studies were conflicting on whether ORx conveys cerebral autoregulatory information and if it is related to outcome in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Thus, we aimed to investigate these issues in a larger TBI cohort.

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Background: In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel coronary artery disease, the optimal management strategy for non-culprit lesions is a subject of ongoing debate. There has been an increasing use of physiology-guidance to assess the extent of occlusion in non-culprit lesions, and hence the need for stenting. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is commonly used as a technique.

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Purpose: Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumour and account for over one-third of cases. Traditionally, estimations of morbidity and mortality following surgical resection have depended on subjective assessments of various factors, including tumour volume, location, WHO grade, extent of resection (Simpson grade) and pre-existing co-morbidities, an approach fraught with subjective variability. This systematic review and meta-analysis seeks to evaluate the efficacy with which machine learning (ML) algorithms predict post-operative outcomes in meningioma patients.

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Article Synopsis
  • Microglia, the brain's immune cells, are vital for neuron health but may worsen conditions like ALS and FTD, and their exact role in these diseases is still unclear.
  • Researchers created specialized cultures of microglia from human stem cells with VCP mutations to study their behavior and effects on nearby nerve cells and supportive cells, using advanced techniques like RNA sequencing and proteomics.
  • The studies revealed that VCP mutant microglia show immune system and lysosomal issues, react differently to inflammation compared to healthy microglia, and can influence motor neurons and astrocytes through secreted factors, even though certain genetic factors didn't fully address their dysfunction.
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