A Cyanotic Newborn with a Pink Right Upper Extremity.

Aberrant origin of the subclavian artery (SCA) is a well-known vascular anomaly as part of congenital heart diseases with the left subclavian artery (LSCA) being more frequently affected than the right subclavian artery (RSCA). Complete isolation of the SCA is an even more infrequent aortic arch anomaly, occurring in less than 1% for the LSCA and even less for the RSCA. Isolation of the RSCA in patients with d-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) is even scanter with only a hand full of cases being reported in the literature.

Incidence of infective endocarditis and its thromboembolic complications in a pediatric population over 30years.

Background: Pediatric infective endocarditis (IE) has been associated with high morbidity and mortality, mostly related to thromboembolic complications (TEC). The objective of our study was to describe the experience in children with IE and to review the changes over a thirty-year period, regarding origin of IE, incidence of vegetations, TEC and their respective morbidity and mortality rates.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of children aged 0-18years with IE defined by the Duke Criteria and admitted to The Hospital for Sick Children, was conducted.

Anti-activated factor II assay for monitoring unfractionated heparin in children: results of the HEARTCAT study.

Unlabelled: Essentials Unfractionated heparin has variable effects in children and therefore, monitoring is essential. A randomized controlled trial substudy investigating an anti-IIa assay in children was conducted. Anti-IIa values are lower in younger children, an effect more pronounced at low-dose heparin.

Monitoring unfractionated heparin in children: a parallel-cohort randomized controlled trial comparing 2 dose protocols.

Monitoring unfractionated heparin (UFH) is crucial to prevent over- or under-anticoagulation. However, the optimal parameters for monitoring UFH in children are not well established. The study objectives were to investigate (1) the relationship between UFH dose and its anticoagulant effect as assessed by anti-Xa, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and activated clotting time (ACT); (2) other factors influencing UFH effect; (3) the agreement between the assays; and (4) the association between UFH effect and clinical outcome.