Chondrocyte Response to Fresh Autologous Conditioned Serum Versus Freeze-Dried Allogenic Conditioned Serum.

Objective: To investigate the cytokine release profile and histological response of human cartilage after exposure to autologous conditioned serum (ACS) and freeze-dried allogenic conditioned serum (FD-CS).

Design: Cartilage explants were collected from 6 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. ACS and FD-CS were created from patient serum samples.

Cell-surface markers identify tissue resident multipotential stem/stromal cell subsets in synovial intimal and sub-intimal compartments with distinct chondrogenic properties.

Objective: Synovium contains multipotent progenitor/stromal cells (MPCs) with potential to participate in cartilage repair. Understanding the identity of these MPCs will allow their therapeutic potential to be fully exploited. Hence this study aimed to identify primary synovial MPCs and characterize them in the context of cartilage regeneration.

Biologic Characteristics of Shoulder Articular Cartilage in Comparison to Knee and Ankle Articular Cartilage From Individual Donors.

Objective: To describe histological and metabolic characteristics of glenohumeral joint (GHJ) articular cartilage and compare to knee and ankle joints.

Design: Macroscopically healthy human humeral head, glenoid, knee, and ankle articular cartilage were obtained from tissue donors ( = 16, 9 males, 7 females; age 45-78 years), within 24 hours of death. Gross morphology of each joint was assessed using Collins grading.

TGF-β type 2 receptor-mediated modulation of the IL-36 family can be therapeutically targeted in osteoarthritis.

Mechanisms that govern the shift from joint homeostasis to osteoarthritis (OA) remain unknown. Here, we identify a pathway used for joint development and homeostasis, and its role in OA. Using a combination of transgenic, pharmacological, and surgical conditions in mouse and human tissues, we found that TGF-β signaling promotes joint homeostasis through regulation of the IL-36 family.

The Effect of Surgical Insertion and Proinflammatory Cytokines on Osteochondral Allograft Survival and Metabolism.

Objective To investigate the responses of refrigerated osteochondral allograft cartilage (OCA) and fresh cartilage (FC), including cell survival and metabolism, to surgical impaction and proinflammatory cytokines. Design Osteochondral plugs (8 mm diameter) were harvested from prolonged-refrigerated (14-28 days) and fresh (≤24 hours postmortem) human femoral hemicondyles and subjected to a 0.2 N s pneumatic impaction impulse.