Ticks and tick-borne pathogens on Belle-Île-en-Mer: An exploratory study in a western French island environment.

The islands of Brittany provide unique ecosystems for ticks and tick-borne diseases owing to their oceanic climate, influencing interactions among ticks, hosts, and pathogens. We conducted a preliminary investigation on Belle-Île-en-Mer, an island off the Atlantic coast of Brittany in western France, to assess the prevalence of questing adult ticks and associated human pathogenic bacteria. Dermacentor spp.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NET): not only antimicrobial but also modulators of innate and adaptive immunities in inflammatory autoimmune diseases.

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) represent one of the first lines of defence against invading pathogens and are the most abundant leucocytes in the circulation. Generally described as pro-inflammatory cells, recent data suggest that PMN also have immunomodulatory capacities. In response to certain stimuli, activated PMN expel neutrophil extracellular traps (NET), structures made of DNA and associated proteins.

[Healing communication: Therapeutic communication in internal medicine].

Caregiver-patient communication is a central element of the therapeutic relationship and a powerful placebo. While poorly adapted communication can have harmful effects, adequate communication offers many benefits for the patient and the caregiver. Therapeutic communication (TC), a set of strategies inspired by clinical hypnosis, is easy to learn and apply.