Applications of Artificial Intelligence for Pediatric Cancer Imaging.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the medical imaging of adult patients. However, its utilization in pediatric oncology imaging remains constrained, in part due to the inherent scarcity of data associated with childhood cancers. Pediatric cancers are rare, and imaging technologies are evolving rapidly, leading to insufficient data of a particular type to effectively train these algorithms.

Multimodal Pediatric Lymphoma Detection using PET and MRI.

Lymphoma is one of the most common types of cancer for children (ages 0 to 19). Due to the reduced radiation exposure, PET/MR systems that allow simultaneous PET and MR imaging have become the standard of care for diagnosing cancers and monitoring tumor response to therapy in the pediatric population. In this work, we developed a multimodal deep learning algorithm for automatic pediatric lymphoma detection using PET and MRI.

Comparison of diffusion-weighted MRI and [F]FDG PET/MRI for treatment monitoring in pediatric Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Objective: To compare tumor therapy response assessments with whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([F]FDG) PET/MRI in pediatric patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Materials And Methods: In a retrospective, non-randomized single-center study, we reviewed serial simultaneous WB-DWI and [F]FDG PET/MRI scans of 45 children and young adults (27 males; mean age, 13 years ± 5 [standard deviation]; age range, 1-21 years) with Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 20) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 25) between February 2018 and October 2022. We measured minimum tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmin) and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of up to six target lesions and assessed therapy response according to Lugano criteria and modified criteria for WB-DWI.

Radiomics; A Potential Next "Omics" in Psychiatric Disorders; An Introduction.

Psychiatric disorders remain one of the most debilitating conditions; however, most patients are never diagnosed and do not seek treatment. Despite its massive burden on modern society and the health system, many hurdles prevent proper diagnosis and management of these disorders. The diagnosis is primarily based on clinical symptoms, and efforts to find appropriate biomarkers have not been practical.

Comparison of whole-body DW-MRI with 2-[F]FDG PET for staging and treatment monitoring of children with Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Purpose: To assess and compare the diagnostic accuracy of whole-body (WB) DW-MRI with 2-[F]FDG PET for staging and treatment monitoring of children with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH).

Methods: Twenty-three children with LCH underwent 2-[F]FDG PET and WB DW-MRI at baseline. Two nuclear medicine physicians and two radiologists independently assessed presence/absence of tumors in 8 anatomical areas.