Evaluation of the participation of hyaluronic acid with platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders.

Background: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are widely researched diseases in medical literature. They are associated with many symptoms, such as pain, limited mouth opening and joint sounds, resulting in decreased quality of life for the patient. Both the hyaluronic acid (HA) injection and the plateletrich plasma (PRP) injection have a remarkable efficacy in the treatment of TMDs.

A microsatellite survey of cattle from a centre of origin: the Near East.

Eight humpless cattle breeds from the Near East, three from Europe, one from West Africa and two zebu breeds from India were screened with 20 microsatellite loci. Breeds from the Near East revealed considerable levels of introgression from zebu cattle, which was apparent most in populations from the East and which declined in populations further West. This nonrandom pattern is suggestive of the introduction of zebu cattle from the East.