(2)H and (19)F solid-state NMR studies of the ionic liquid [C(2)Py][BTA]-d(10) confined in mesoporous silica materials.

Ionic liquids confined in porous materials are important solvents which allow a simple heterogenization of homogenous liquids. The perdeuterated ionic liquid N-ethylpyridinium-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([C(2)Py][BTA]-d(10)) was prepared and its bulk phase behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and temperature-resolved (2)H and (19)F solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Its bulk properties were compared to [C(2)Py][BTA]-d(10) confined in a mesoporous silica support material as model material usable in SILP catalysts.

Major Depressive Disorder in the older adult: implications for women.

Mood disorders manifest across the life span yet often go undiagnosed and untreated. Increasingly, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in the older adult is recognized as a frequently occurring, heterogeneous psychiatric illness that impacts the individual and family, one's physical health, and society. Women are more likely to be diagnosed with MDD than men and therefore it is important to identify specific risk factors and other distinguishing features.

Evolution of the feline-subgroup parvoviruses and the control of canine host range in vivo.

A related group of parvoviruses infects members of many different carnivore families. Some of those viruses differ in host range or antigenic properties, but the true relationships are poorly understood. We examined 24 VP1/VP2 and 8 NS1 gene sequences from various parvovirus isolates to determine the phylogenetic relationships between viruses isolated from cats, dogs, Asiatic raccoon dogs, mink, raccoons, and foxes.

Examining the validity of DSM-III-R schizoaffective disorder and its putative subtypes in the Roscommon Family Study.

Objective: The authors sought to assess whether the DSM-III-R category of schizoaffective disorder differs meaningfully from schizophrenia and affective illness in clinical features, outcome, and familial psychopathology. In addition, the authors evaluated the validity of two proposed subtyping systems for schizoaffective disorder: 1) bipolar versus depressive (based on presence or absence of a full manic syndrome in the past) and 2) good versus poor interepisode recovery.

Method: In the epidemiologically based Roscommon Family Study, index probands with diagnoses of schizophrenia or affective illness were selected from a case registry.

Schizotypal symptoms and signs in the Roscommon Family Study. Their factor structure and familial relationship with psychotic and affective disorders.

Background: Although schizotypal personality disorder aggregates in relatives of schizophrenic probands, the criteria for this disorder may not be optimal either in describing the dimensions of schizotypal phenomena or in identifying those with a high familial liability to schizophrenia.

Methods: In the Roscommon Family Study, an epidemiologically based family study of major psychiatric disorders conducted in the west of Ireland, we examined 25 individual schizotypal symptoms and signs, assessed by structured personal interview, in 1544 first-degree relatives (without chronic psychosis or mental retardation) of five proband groups: schizophrenia; other nonaffective psychoses; psychotic affective illness; nonpsychotic affective illness; and matched, unscreened controls.

Results: We obtained seven meaningful schizotypal factors: negative schizotypy, positive schizotypy, borderline symptoms, social dysfunction, avoidant symptoms, odd speech, and suspicious behavior.