Publications by authors named "A Giovenzana"
Article Synopsis
- Insulin resistance is an important factor in the early stages of type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk, and the study looks at its genetic, metabolic, and immune aspects among at-risk individuals.
- Researchers divided relatives of T1D patients into high and low insulin resistance groups and assessed their genetic risk, glucose control, metabolic hormones, and immune cell profiles.
- The high insulin resistance group showed metabolic changes like increased insulin levels and a unique immune cell profile with more insulin-specific CD8 T cells, suggesting a link between insulin resistance and immune responses in T1D susceptibility.
Circulating T cells, which migrate from the periphery to sites of tissue inflammation, play a crucial role in the development of various chronic inflammatory conditions. Recent research has highlighted subsets of tissue-resident T cells that acquire migratory capabilities and re-enter circulation, referred to here as "recirculating T cells." In this review, we examine recent advancements in understanding the biology of T cell trafficking in diseases where T cell infiltration is pivotal, such as multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel diseases, as well as in metabolic disorders where the role of T cell migration is less understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity is characterized by the accumulation of T cells in insulin-sensitive tissues, including the visceral adipose tissue (VAT), that can interfere with the insulin signaling pathway eventually leading to insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. Here, we found that PD-1CD4 conventional T (Tconv) cells, endowed with a transcriptomic and functional profile of partially dysfunctional cells, are diminished in VAT of obese patients with dysglycemia (OB-Dys), without a concomitant increase in apoptosis. These cells showed enhanced capacity to recirculate into the bloodstream and had a non-restricted TCRβ repertoire divergent from that of normoglycemic obese and lean individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * Elevated PNAs were found in the blood of children with T1D and those at risk of developing it, alongside increased markers of inflammation in pancreatic islets of certain mouse models, indicating a link between PNAs and T1D pathogenesis.
- * PNAs might serve as a potential biomarker for early T1D detection, while a drug called methyl cellobiose sulfate (mCBS) has shown promise in reducing histone-induced damage to islet cells in
Article Synopsis
- Diabetes mellitus has two main types, type 1 and type 2, differentiated by traits such as clinical signs, age of onset, genetic factors, and disease mechanisms.
- Recent research shows type 1 diabetes can involve insulin resistance, while type 2 diabetes may have autoimmune features, suggesting that both types can overlap in unexpected ways.
- The traditional view of diabetes as being strictly autoimmune or non-autoimmune is shifting towards a more complex understanding, recognizing a range of conditions influenced by genetics and environment that create varying immune responses between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.