Re-assessing causality between energy consumption and economic growth.

The energy consumption-growth nexus has been widely studied in the empirical literature, though results have been inconclusive regarding the direction, or even the existence, of causality. These inconsistent results can be explained by two important limitations of the literature. First, the use of bivariate models, which fail to detect more complex causal relations, or the ad hoc approach to selecting variables in a multivariate framework; and, second, the use of linear causal models, which are unable to capture more complex nonlinear causal relationships.

Absence of low energy magnetic spin-fluctuations in isovalently and aliovalently doped LaCo2B2 superconducting compounds.

Magnetization, resistivity and (11)B, (59)Co NMR measurements have been performed on the Pauli paramagnet [Formula: see text], and the superconductors [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] K) and [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] K). The site selective NMR experiment reveals the multiband nature of the Fermi surface in these systems. The temperature independent Knight shift and 1/T 1 T clearly indicate the absence of correlated low energy magnetic spin-fluctuations in the normal state, which is in contrast to other Fe-based pnictides.

Local electromagnetic properties of magnetic pnictides: a comparative study probed by NMR measurements.

(75)As and (31)P NMR studies are performed in PrCoAsO and NdCoPO respectively. The Knight shift data in PrCoAsO indicate the presence of an antiferromagnetic interaction between the 4f moments along the c axis in the ferromagnetic state of Co 3d moments. We propose a possible spin structure in this system.

Evidence of a structural phase transition in superconducting SmFeAsO(1-x)F(x) from 19F NMR.

We report resistivity, magnetization and (19)F NMR results in a polycrystalline sample of SmFeAsO(0.86)F(0.14).

(11)B and (195)Pt NMR study of heavy-fermion compound CePt(2)B(2)C.

We report (11)B and (195)Pt NMR Knight shift K and spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T(1) in CePt(2)B(2)C in the range 4-315 K. The quadrupolar coupling constant, ν(Q) for boron nuclei is 790 ± 10 kHz. The change of hyperfine field, H(hf), is observed below 30 K in the K versus susceptibility, χ, plot.