Current Understanding of the Roles of Gut-Brain Axis in the Cognitive Deficits Caused by Perinatal Stress Exposure.

The term 'perinatal environment' refers to the period surrounding birth, which plays a crucial role in brain development. It has been suggested that dynamic communication between the neuro-immune system and gut microbiota is essential in maintaining adequate brain function. This interaction depends on the mother's status during pregnancy and/or the newborn environment.

Sexual dimorphism modulates metabolic and cognitive alterations under HFD nutrition and chronic stress exposure in mice. Correlation between spatial memory impairment and BDNF mRNA expression in hippocampus and spleen.

Aims: The accumulated evidence suggests that lifestyle - specifically dietary habits and stress exposure - plays a detrimental role in health. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the interplay of stress, diet, and sex in metabolic and cognitive alterations.

Main Methods: For this purpose, one-month-old C57Bl/6J mice were fed with a standard diet or high-fat diet (HFD).

Immunomodulation induced by central nervous system-related peptides as a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative disorders.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are disorders characterized by the progressive loss of neurons affecting motor, sensory, and/or cognitive functions. The incidence of these diseases is increasing and has a great impact due to their high morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, current therapeutic strategies only temporarily improve the patients' quality of life but are insufficient for completely alleviating the symptoms.

Prenatal stress promotes insulin resistance without inflammation or obesity in C57BL/6J male mice.

During gestation, stress exposure increases the risk of developing cognitive and physiological alterations in either the long or short term. Among them, metabolic alterations have been described. Adipose tissue is responsible for the secretion of several factors involved in controlling body weight and energy expenditure, the regulation of insulin sensitivity, and the development of inflammation, among others.