Antipsychotic management in general practice: serial cross-sectional study (2011-2020).

Background: Long-term use of antipsychotics confers increased risk of cardiometabolic disease. Ongoing need should be reviewed regularly by psychiatrists.

Aim: To explore trends in antipsychotic management in general practice, and the proportions of patients prescribed antipsychotics receiving psychiatrist review.

Mathematical modeling reveals differential effects of erythropoietin on proliferation and lineage commitment of human hematopoietic progenitors in early erythroid culture.

Erythropoietin is essential for the production of mature erythroid cells, promoting both proliferation and survival. Whether erythropoietin and other cytokines can influence lineage commitment of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is of significant interest. To study lineage restriction of the common myeloid progenitor to the megakaryocyte/erythroid progenitor of peripheral blood CD34(+) cells, we have shown that the cell surface protein CD36 identifies the earliest lineage restricted megakaryocyte/erythroid progenitor.

Characteristic phenotypes associated with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (type II) manifest at different stages of erythropoiesis.

Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II is an autosomally recessive form of hereditary anemia caused by SEC23B gene mutations. Patients exhibit characteristic phenotypes including multinucleate erythroblasts, erythrocytes with hypoglycosylated membrane proteins and an apparent double plasma membrane. Despite ubiquitous expression of SEC23B, the effects of mutations in this gene are confined to the erythroid lineage and the basis of this erythroid specificity remains to be defined.

Ex-vivo generation of human red cells for transfusion.

Purpose Of Review: The present article reviews the recent data concerning the generation of red blood cells from haematopoietic stem cells using laboratory culture and discusses the potential for generating cultured red cells in sufficient quantity for use in transfusion practice.

Recent Findings: Functional human reticulocytes have been generated from adult peripheral blood haematopoietic stem cells in laboratory culture without the use of heterologous feeder cells and their viability was demonstrated in vivo. Human erythroid progenitor cells lines have been produced from cord and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) haematopoietic progenitors.

VEGFR1 (Flt1) regulates Rab4 recycling to control fibronectin polymerization and endothelial vessel branching.

The cell's main receptor for VEGF, VEGFR2 (Kdr) is one of the most important positive regulators of new blood vessel growth and its downstream signalling is well characterized. By contrast, VEGFR1 (Flt1) and the mechanisms by which this VEGF receptor promotes branching morphogenesis in angiogenesis remain relatively unclear.Here we report that engagement of VEGFR1 activates a Rab4A-dependent pathway that transports alphavbeta3 Integrin from early endosomes to the plasma membrane, and that this is required for VEGF-driven fibronectin polymerization in endothelial cells.