Antiviral defense in aged declines due to loss of DRH-1/RIG-I deSUMOylation via ULP-4/SENP7.

Innate host defense mechanisms require posttranslational modifications (PTM) to protect against viral infection. Age-associated immunosenescence results in increased pathogenesis and mortality in the elderly, but the contribution of altered PTM regulation to immunosenescence is unknown. SUMOylation is a rapid and reversible post-translational modification that has been implicated in age-associated disease and plays conflicting roles in viral replication and antiviral defenses in mammals.

Medical student clinical cultural awareness in cancer care of sexual gender minority patients.

Objective: Health disparities in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ+), or sexual and gender minority (SGM) people are known. SGM people have higher cancer risk, but lower rates of screenings, resulting in a higher likelihood of late-stage disease. This study evaluates medical students' clinical cultural awareness in cancer care of SGM patients to identify gaps in education.

Outcomes of Postcataract Surgery Endophthalmitis Managed Without Microbial Cultures.

Purpose: To evaluate outcomes of eyes with postcataract surgery endophthalmitis that were managed without microbial cultures.

Design: This retrospective, single-center comparative cohort study identified all cases of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery presenting between February 1, 2014, and November 1, 2022.

Subjects: All eyes presenting with presumed endophthalmitis requiring in-office treatment with intravitreal antibiotics and either a vitreous or aqueous tap were included.

The C. elegans Myc-family of transcription factors coordinate a dynamic adaptive response to dietary restriction.

Dietary restriction (DR), the process of decreasing overall food consumption over an extended period of time, has been shown to increase longevity across evolutionarily diverse species and delay the onset of age-associated diseases in humans. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the Myc-family transcription factors (TFs) MXL-2 (Mlx) and MML-1 (MondoA/ChREBP), which function as obligate heterodimers, and PHA-4 (orthologous to FOXA) are both necessary for the full physiological benefits of DR. However, the adaptive transcriptional response to DR and the role of MML-1::MXL-2 and PHA-4 remains elusive.