The Intra-Articular Combination of Fentanyl, Dexamethasone, Clonidine, Ropivacaine, and Dextrose to Treat Pain Due to Knee Osteoarthritis: A Case Report.

We report a case involving the pain management of a patient with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), where conventional treatment failed to provide pain relief. Instead, a multimodal approach including an intra-articular (IA) injection of a combination of various agents was applied successfully. The pharmacological treatment resulted in minimal improvement.

Navigating Complexities: Vitamin D, Skin Pigmentation, and Race.

Vitamin D plays a critical role in many physiological functions, including calcium metabolism and musculoskeletal health. This commentary aims to explore the intricate relationships among skin complexion, race, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels, focusing on challenges the Endocrine Society encountered during clinical practice guideline development. Given that increased melanin content reduces 25(OH)D production in the skin in response to UV light, the guideline development panel addressed the potential role for 25(OH)D screening in individuals with dark skin complexion.

A Systematic Review Supporting the Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines on Vitamin D.

Context: Low vitamin D status is common and is associated with various common medical conditions.

Objective: To support the development of the Endocrine Society's Clinical Practice Guideline on Vitamin D for the Prevention of Disease.

Methods: We searched multiple databases for studies that addressed 14 clinical questions prioritized by the guideline panel.

Vitamin D for the Prevention of Disease: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.

Background: Numerous studies demonstrate associations between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and a variety of common disorders, including musculoskeletal, metabolic, cardiovascular, malignant, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. Although a causal link between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and many disorders has not been clearly established, these associations have led to widespread supplementation with vitamin D and increased laboratory testing for 25(OH)D in the general population. The benefit-risk ratio of this increase in vitamin D use is not clear, and the optimal vitamin D intake and the role of testing for 25(OH)D for disease prevention remain uncertain.