[Opportunity of operative traumatism decrease in patients with complicated tricuspid valve defect].

This study examined the results of surgical trivalve of 44 patients with trivalve heart defect. In all the patients the heart defect was combined with two and more complicating factors: advanced III-degree calcinosis of the valves, cardiomegaly, cardiac fibrillation, left atrium thrombosis, high pulmonary hypertension. In 20 patients the operative intervention on the heart was repeated.

[The possibilities for the transcranial monitoring of the blood flow in the circle of Willis arteries during operations on the brachiocephalic arteries and in heart operations].

The paper gives the results of arterial blood flow monitoring in the circle of Willis via transcranial Doppler during 81 reparative operations on brachiocephalic arteries (including carotid endarterectomy from the internal carotid artery in 32 patients). Transcranial monitoring of blood flow supports the fact that there is a collateral reflow along the cerebral arteries during removal of the common carotid artery and that there is a relationship between the status of great arteries and arteries of Willis' circle. The paper also summaries the results of a comprehensive ultrasound study of 9 patients who have undergone reparative and plastic operations on the cardiac valves during extracorporeal circulation and general hypothermia.

[Catheter balloon valvuloplasty: new possibilities in the surgical treatment of mitral stenosis].

A total of 170 catheter balloon valvuloplastic (CBV) operations for rheumatic mitral stenosis were carried out in patients aged 19 to 68, 30 of these in pregnant women, at A. V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Russian Academi of Medical Scients, from 1988 to 1994.

[A method for preventing an air embolism in repeat operations on the heart with artificial circulation without cardiolysis].

An effective method has been developed for prevention of air embolism in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery on the open heart without heart isolation from intergrown tissues. The method consists in filling and washing heart cavities with carbon dioxide before removing the clamps from the aorta. This method does not involve routine prophylactic measures such as heart dislocation and puncture of left-ventricular apex, heart ventricles massage to remove air, etc.