Co-selection for antibiotic resistance by environmental contaminants.

The environment is increasingly recognised as a hotspot for the selection and dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes. These can be selected for by antibiotics and non-antibiotic agents (such as metals and biocides), with the evidence to support this well established by observational and experimental studies. However, there is emerging evidence to suggest that plant protection products (such as herbicides), and non-antibiotic drugs (such as chemotherapeutic agents), can also co-select for antibiotic resistance.

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumours: A case series.

Background: Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour is a rare mesenchymal soft tissue sarcoma with uncertain differentiation and variable metastatic potential.

Patients And Methods: This study offers a retrospective analysis of 23 patients diagnosed with OFMT between 1993 and 2024.

Results: The tumours most commonly arose in the extremities and trunk, with all patients undergoing surgical resection of the primary tumour.

Inflammation of adenohypophysis is commonly associated with headache in surgically managed Rathke's cleft cysts.

Purpose: Rathke's cleft cysts (RCC) are present in up to 20% of autopsy studies but only a minority necessitate surgical treatment. Inflammation of RCC is thought to be significant in three processes: the development of classical symptoms, a predisposition to rupture or apoplexy, and increasing the rate of RCC recurrence. We aim to characterize clinical presentation, histological and radiological findings in patients with surgically managed RCC.

The Potential of Targeting APE1/Ref-1 as a Therapeutic Intervention for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Inflammation and oxidative stress play crucial roles in the development and progression of skeletal muscle diseases. This review aims to examine the existing evidence regarding the involvement and inhibition of APE1/Ref-1 (apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor 1) in diseases, then extrapolate this evidence to the context of skeletal muscle and discuss the potential beneficial effects of APE1/Ref-1 inhibition in ameliorating myopathy with a particular focus on dystrophic pathology. Currently, therapeutic interventions targeting pathways, such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), have shown limited efficacy in both clinical and preclinical settings.