CRF Receptor Signaling via the ERK1/2-MAP and Akt Kinase Cascades: Roles of Src, EGF Receptor, and PI3-Kinase Mechanisms.

In the present study, we determined the cellular regulators of ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways in response to human CRF receptor (CRFR) activation in transfected COS-7 cells. We found that Pertussis Toxin (PTX) treatment or sequestering Gβγ reduced CRFR-mediated activation of ERK1/2, suggesting the involvement of a G-linked cascade. Neither G/PKA nor G/PKC were associated with ERK1/2 activation.

Correction to: Intratype variants of the E2 protein from human papillomavirus type 18 induce different gene expression profiles associated with apoptosis and cell proliferation.

The Given names of the author Alma Mariana Fuentes-González was incorrectly tagged in original publication and corrected here. The original article has been corrected.

Intratype variants of the E2 protein from human papillomavirus type 18 induce different gene expression profiles associated with apoptosis and cell proliferation.

Persistent infections with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) are linked to the development of cervical cancer due to a deregulation of the productive viral cycle in the host cell, leading to cell transformation. The E2 viral protein is expressed early during an HPV infection and regulates viral replication and transcription. Other functions have been attributed to E2, such as the promotion of apoptosis that are independent of its role in the regulation of the expression of E6 and E7 viral oncogenes.

The role of signaling pathways in cervical cancer and molecular therapeutic targets.

Cervical cancer is a public health issue in developing countries. Although the Pap smear and colposcopy remain the major strategies for detection, most cases are diagnosed in the late stages. Therefore, a major concern has been to develop early diagnostic approaches and more effective treatments.

HPV E6 oncoprotein as a potential therapeutic target in HPV related cancers.

Introduction: Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the main etiological agents for the development of most ano-genital cancers and for a subset of head and neck neoplasias. The oncogenic capacity of HPV is due to the combined activity of the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7. A defining feature of all HPV associated cancers is the continued retention and expression of these two viral oncoproteins throughout the development of the disease, and this highlights their value as potential targets for therapeutic intervention, in HPV-induced malignancies.