Impact of rapid-antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of treatment-naïve migrants living with HIV in a high income setting.

Background: We evaluated the effect of rapid ART (RA) compared to delayed ART (DA) on viral load suppression (viral load <50 cp/mL) and loss to follow-up (LTFU) in a cohort of migrants living with HIV (MLWHs) in Italy.

Methods: Data were retrospectively gathered from MLWHs who began care at the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit of the Careggi University Hospital from January 2014 to December 2022. RA was defined as antiretrovirals prescribed within 7 days of HIV diagnosis.

producing FIM-1-metallo-β-lactamase: emergence and cross-transmission in a long-term acute care rehabilitation hospital.

FIM-1 metallo-β-lactamase was previously detected in sporadic clinical isolates. Here, we report on FIM-1-positive from two patients who had shared the same ward in a long-term acute care rehabilitation hospital. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed close relatedness of these isolates, which belonged to an ST235 sublineage (clade 8/14) different from those previously reported.

Novel resistance ICEs carrying the metallo-β-lactamase gene from an ST235 sublineage.

FIM-1 is an acquired metallo-β-lactamase identified in a multidrug-resistant (index strain FI-14/157) of clinical origin isolated in 2007 in Florence, Italy. Here we report on a second case of infection by FIM-1-positive (FI-17645), which occurred in 2020 in the same hospital. Both FIM-1-positive strains exhibited resistance to all anti- antibiotics except colistin and cefiderocol.

Nosocomial outbreak by NDM-1-producing highly resistant to cefiderocol, Florence, Italy, August 2021 to June 2022.

A nosocomial outbreak by cefiderocol (FDC)-resistant NDM-1-producing (NDM-Kp) occurred in a large tertiary care hospital from August 2021-June 2022 in Florence, Italy, an area where NDM-Kp strains have become endemic. Retrospective analysis of NDM-Kp from cases observed in January 2021-June 2022 revealed that 21/52 were FDC-resistant. The outbreak was mostly sustained by clonal expansion of a mutant with inactivated siderophore receptor gene, which exhibited high-level resistance to FDC (MIC ≥ 32 mg/L) and spread independently of FDC exposure.

Compassionate use of meropenem/vaborbactam for infections caused by KPC-producing : a multicentre study.

Objectives: To explore the real-life performance of meropenem/vaborbactam for treating serious KPC-producing infections, including those resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam.

Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted in 12 Italian hospitals. Enrolled patients had carbapenemase (KPC)-producing (KPC-) infections (59.