Urinary odor molecules in the Otassha Study can distinguish patients with sarcopenia: A pilot study.

Aim: To identify sarcopenia markers in urinary odor.

Methods: We performed solid-phase microextraction from the headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 71 healthy individuals and 68 patients diagnosed with sarcopenia according to the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. The mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) of 10 VOCs with a significant difference in the total ion chromatogram of 220 VOCs detected in this study were compared by U-test.

Characteristics of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica based on glucocorticoid dose in Japan: A cohort study using routinely collected health data.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the characteristics, inflammatory markers as surrogates for disease activity, and treatment of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) in Japan.

Methods: This cohort study analysed the data of 373 patients with PMR retrieved from an electronic medical records database in Japan. Patients were classified into quartiles, based on the daily glucocorticoid dose over the initial 90 days of treatment (Q1-Q4).

Triple mosaic variants of PURA in a patient with multiple congenital anomalies.

In monogenic diseases, double mosaic variants of the same gene have rarely been identified. Here, we report the case of triple mosaic variants in PURA, a gene responsible for a neurodevelopmental syndrome (OMIM# 616158). Whole-exome sequencing identified three somatic PURA variants in our case with a similar neurodevelopmental syndrome: NM_005859.

Frequency of ischemic cardiac events in patients receiving long-term multikinase inhibitor: A report of three cases.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and characteristics of ischemic cardiac events, specifically major adverse cardiac events (MACE), in patients undergoing long-term treatment with multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) such as lenvatinib and sorafenib.

Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on 41 patients treated with lenvatinib or sorafenib for more than one year at our institution from 2015 to 2022. Patient records were reviewed to collect data on demographics, cancer type, cardiovascular risk factors, MKI treatment duration, and MACE incidence.

Effect of changes in skin properties due to diabetes mellitus on the titration period of transdermal fentanyl: single-center retrospective study and diabetic animal model study.

Background: In the dose titration of transdermal fentanyl to prevent unrelieved pain, it is important to consider not only dose adjustment, but also the titration period, which is influenced by the time required to reach the steady state. Many patients with cancer pain experience comorbidities that might affect the skin properties and influence transdermal absorption. We hypothesized that skin changes due to diabetes mellitus (DM) would affect the titration period of transdermal fentanyl.