Accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound to diagnose functional constipation and fecal impaction in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Functional constipation is common in children and accurate diagnostic methods are essential for early diagnosis and effective management. The diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound to diagnose functional constipation is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of transverse rectal diameter measurement via transabdominal ultrasound in diagnosing children with functional constipation and in identifying fecal impaction.

An Update of Pharmacological Management in Children with Functional Constipation.

Functional constipation is a common problem in childhood worldwide and has a great impact on social, physical, and emotional functioning of affected children and their caregivers. It is a clinical diagnosis based on the Rome IV criteria. Non-pharmacological treatment involves education, demystification, lifestyle advice, and toilet training.

Preliminary evaluation of dual-energy CT to quantitatively assess bone marrow edema in patients with diabetic foot ulcers and suspected osteomyelitis.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of dual-energy CT (DECT) with virtual non-calcium (VNCa) in quantitatively assessing the presence of bone marrow edema (BME) in patients with diabetic foot ulcers and suspected osteomyelitis.

Methods: Patients with a diabetic foot ulcer and suspected osteomyelitis that underwent DECT (80 kVp/Sn150 kVp) with VNCa were retrospectively included. Two observers independently measured CT values of the bone adjacent to the ulcer and a reference bone not related to the ulcer.

Aircraft Fuselage Corrosion Detection Using Artificial Intelligence.

Corrosion identification and repair is a vital task in aircraft maintenance to ensure continued structural integrity. Regarding fuselage lap joints, typically, visual inspections are followed by non-destructive methodologies, which are time-consuming. The visual inspection of large areas suffers not only from subjectivity but also from the variable probability of corrosion detection, which is aggravated by the multiple layers used in fuselage construction.

Incidence of Massive Transfusion and Overall Transfusion Requirements During Lung Transplantation Over a 25-Year Period.

Objective: To establish the incidence of massive transfusion and overall transfusion requirements during lung transplantation, changes over time, and association with outcome in relation to patient complexity.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: University hospital.