Microvessel density is high in clear-cell renal cell carcinomas of Ukrainian patients exposed to chronic persistent low-dose ionizing radiation after the Chernobyl accident.

During the 25-year period subsequent to the Chernobyl accident, the morbidity of malignant renal tumors in Ukraine has increased from 4.7 to 10.7 per 100,000 of the total population.

Methylation pattern of the putative tumor-suppressor gene LRRC3B promoter in clear cell renal cell carcinomas.

The leucine rich repeat containing 3B (LRRC3B) gene is a putative tumor suppressor located on human chromosome 3 in the 3p24 region. LRRC3B is frequently altered in colon and gastric cancers and also in leukaemias. In this study we investigated the promoter region methylation as a possible mechanism of LRRC3B gene inactivation in clear cell renal cell carcinomas.

Alterations of ubiquitylation and sumoylation in conventional renal cell carcinomas after the Chernobyl accident: a comparison with Spanish cases.

We determined whether ubiquitylation and sumoylation processes are involved in conventional renal cell carcinogenesis associated with chronic, long-term, persistent low doses of ionizing radiation (IR) in patients living for more than 20 years in cesium-137 ((137)Cs)-contaminated areas after the Chernobyl accident in Ukraine. To this end, we assessed the immunohistochemical expression of ubiquitin (Ub), SUMO1, SUMO E2 conjugating enzyme Ubc9, and the cell cycle regulators p53, mdm2, and p14(ARF) in 38 conventional renal cell carcinomas from Ukrainian patients with different degrees of radiation exposure after the Chernobyl accident. As control cases, 18 conventional renal carcinoma (cRCC) tissues from a Spanish cohort were analyzed.

[Task-orientated therapy (target-therapy) directed to patients with renal cell carcinoma].

Two main ways playing a cardinal role in the pathogenesis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have been identified in recent years, they are following: 1) a way of the mutation of a gene suppressor VHL (Van-Hippel-Lindau), stimulating various types of tyrosine-kinases participating in the development of tumors; 2) mTOR way, where ramapycyn plays a leading role, which effect proliferation and angiogenesis of mRCC. This discovery enabled the development of a new generation of highly effective medications for target-therapy of mRCCC--tyrosine-kinases inhibitors (VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-alpha/PDGFR-beta, Raf-kinases, etc.) sunitimab, sorafenib, pazopanib, axitinib, etc.

Urinary bladder carcinogenesis induced by chronic exposure to persistent low-dose ionizing radiation after Chernobyl accident.

Urinary bladder urothelium as well as cells in the microenvironment of lamina propria (endothelial elements, fibroblasts and lymphocytes) demonstrate a number of responses to chronic persistent long-term, low-dose ionizing radiation (IR). Thus, oxidative stress occurs, accompanied by up-regulation of at least two signaling pathways (p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappaB cascades) and activation of growth factor receptors, in the bladder urothelium of people living in Cesium 137-contaminated areas of Ukraine, resulting in chronic inflammation and the development of proliferative atypical cystitis, so-called Chernobyl cystitis, which is considered a possible pre-neoplastic condition in humans. Furthermore, significant alterations in regulation of cell cycle transitions are associated with increased cell proliferation, along with up-regulated ubiquitination and sumoylation processes as well as inefficient DNA repair (base and nucleotide excision repair pathways) in the affected urothelium.