Coding Variants of the Genitourinary Development Gene Carry High Risk for Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Considerable genetic heterogeneity is currently thought to underlie hereditary prostate cancer (HPC). Most families meeting criteria for HPC cannot be attributed to currently known pathogenic variants.

Methods: To discover pathogenic variants predisposing to prostate cancer, we conducted a familial case-control association study using both genome-wide single-allele and identity-by-descent analytic approaches.

Cumulative Dispensing of Oral Corticosteroids Over 12 Months in People with COPD.

Purpose: Oral corticosteroids (OCS) are recommended for the treatment of exacerbations in people with COPD; however, high cumulative lifetime doses (≥1000mg prednisolone-equivalent) are associated with adverse health effects. This issue is well defined in asthma but is less well understood in COPD. The aim of this study was to examine cumulative OCS dispensed to people with COPD over 12 months.

Sex and race disparities in emergency department patients with chest pain and a detectable or mildly elevated troponin.

Background: Identifying and eliminating health disparities is a public health priority. The goal of this analysis is to determine whether cardiac testing or outcome disparities exist by race or sex in patients with detectable to mildly elevated serum troponin.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the CMR-IMPACT trial that randomized patients with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome and a detectable or mildly elevated troponin measure from 4 US hospitals to an early invasive angiography or cardiac MRI strategy.

Dose-response Relationship Between Dietary Nitrate Intake and Nitric Oxide Congeners in Various Blood Compartments and Skeletal Muscle: Differential Effects on Skeletal Muscle Torque and Velocity.

Plasma nitrate (NO) and nitrite (NO) increase in a dose-dependent manner following NO ingestion. To explore if the same dose-response relationship applies to other nitric oxide (NO) congeners in different blood compartments and skeletal muscle, as well as the subsequent physiological responses, we provided 11 healthy participants with NO depleted beetroot juice (placebo), and beetroot juice (BR) containing 6.4, 12.

Perinatal Outcomes and Management of Umbilical Vein Varix: A Comprehensive Review of 392 Cases.

Case reports and case series have linked umbilical vein varices (UVVs) with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Newer case reports and series suggest better perinatal outcomes in cases with an isolated UVV. The purpose of this literature review is to determine if there is commonality in management, outcomes, and association in pregnancy with UVV and fetal aneuploidy, growth restriction, demise, thrombosis, and turbulent flow.