Engineered extracellular vesicles with DR5 agonistic scFvs simultaneously target tumor and immunosuppressive stromal cells.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanosized vesicles. Death receptor 5 (DR5) mediates extrinsic apoptosis. We engineer DR5 agonistic single-chain variable fragment (scFv) expression on the surface of sEVs derived from natural killer cells.

Lost dwell time and cycler alarms in inpatient automated peritoneal dialysis at a tertiary care hospital.

Background And Aims: Dwell time is a critical component of automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) prescription, the stage at which transmembrane mass and fluid transfer occur. Loss of prescribed dwell time (LDT) can negatively influence the efficiency of APD. We investigated the incidence of LDT and related causes using APD in the acute care setting at a tertiary care center.

Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Necrotic Tumors after Melanoma Neoadjuvant Anti-PD-1 Therapy Correlate with Pathologic Response and Recurrence-Free Survival.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma may increase tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and more TIL are associated with better treatment response. A major pathologic response (MPR) in melanoma after neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy usually comprises tumor necrosis and fibrosis. The role of TIL in necrotic tumor necrosis (nTIL) has not been explored.

Combination anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapy generates waves of clonal responses that include progenitor-exhausted CD8 T cells.

Combination checkpoint blockade with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies has shown promising efficacy in melanoma. However, the underlying mechanism in humans remains unclear. Here, we perform paired single-cell RNA and T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing across time in 36 patients with stage IV melanoma treated with anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, or combination therapy.