Genomic and phenotypic correlates of mosaic loss of chromosome Y in blood.

Mosaic loss of Y (mLOY) is the most common somatic chromosomal alteration detected in human blood. The presence of mLOY is associated with altered blood cell counts and increased risk of Alzheimer disease, solid tumors, and other age-related diseases. We sought to gain a better understanding of genetic drivers and associated phenotypes of mLOY through analyses of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a large set of genetically diverse males from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program.

Influence of an impacted estuary on the reproduction of an endangered endemic fish.

Health and nutrition of individuals are tied to reproductive success, which determines population viability. Environmental variability and anthropogenic effects can affect the health and nutrition of a species leading to reproductive repercussions which can hinder recovery of endangered populations. Indices of health and nutrition were examined for an imperiled species, delta smelt, Hypomesus transpacificus, in relation to their reproductive status to evaluate the effects of hydrologic conditions in the San Francisco Estuary and Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.

Loss of Kmt2c or Kmt2d primes urothelium for tumorigenesis and redistributes KMT2A-menin to bivalent promoters.

Members of the KMT2C/D-KDM6A complex are recurrently mutated in urothelial carcinoma and in histologically normal urothelium. Here, using genetically engineered mouse models, we demonstrate that Kmt2c/d knockout in the urothelium led to impaired differentiation, augmented responses to growth and inflammatory stimuli and sensitization to oncogenic transformation by carcinogen and oncogenes. Mechanistically, KMT2D localized to active enhancers and CpG-poor promoters that preferentially regulate the urothelial lineage program and Kmt2c/d knockout led to diminished H3K4me1, H3K27ac and nascent RNA transcription at these sites, which leads to impaired differentiation.

A systematic review on the bidirectional relationship between trauma-related psychopathology and reproductive aging.

Objective: Natural variation in ovarian steroid hormones across the female lifespan contributes to an increased risk for depressive and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in women. However, minimal work has focused on understanding the impacts of reproductive aging on the brain and behavioral health of trauma-exposed women. This systematic review examines the bidirectional relationship between trauma-related psychopathology and reproductive aging.

Posterior interosseous artery distal ulna graft for management of radius nonunion: Technique and case report.

Distal radius fracture nonunion can result in significant deformity, loss of function, and chronic pain. Presented here is a case of distal radius nonunion that was surgically reconstructed with a pedicled distal ulna bone graft based on the periosteal branches of the posterior interosseus artery (PIA). This technique has limited prior utilization for adult distal radius nonunion treatment but offers an effective option for surgical reconstruction of distal radius nonunion with preservation of the radiocarpal joint, utilizing a less invasive surgery that also reduces hospitalization stay.