Microbial communities associated with resin canal discoloration in mango fruit.

Resin canal discoloration (RCD) severely impacts the fruit quality of mango, diminishes consumer confidence, and reduces sales, but the biological cause is still unclear. Using next-generation sequencing, the overall microbial community composition of RCD+ and visually healthy mango fruits was determined for the first time to examine the possible role of bacterial and fungal pathogens in RCD. The diversity profile of bacterial and fungal communities was determined using primers targeting the 16S rRNA gene and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions.

Enzymatic Investigation of Zoospore Attachment to Roots of Potato Cultivars Resistant or Susceptible to Powdery Scab Disease.

For potato crops, host resistance is currently the most effective and sustainable tool to manage diseases caused by the plasmodiophorid . Arguably, zoospore root attachment is the most critical phase of infection; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study investigated the potential role of root-surface cell-wall polysaccharides and proteins in cultivars resistant/susceptible to zoospore attachment.

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Potato Roots from Resistant and Susceptible Cultivars to Zoospore Root Attachment In Vitro.

Potato ( L.) exhibits broad variations in cultivar resistance to tuber and root infections by the soilborne, obligate biotrophic pathogen . Host resistance has been recognised as an important approach in potato disease management, whereas zoospore root attachment has been identified as an effective indicator for the host resistance to root infection.

A Dichotomy in Cross-Coupling Site Selectivity in a Dihalogenated Heteroarene: Influence of Mononuclear Pd, Pd Clusters, and Pd Nanoparticles-the Case for Exploiting Pd Catalyst Speciation.

Site-selective dihalogenated heteroarene cross-coupling with organometallic reagents usually occurs at the halogen proximal to the heteroatom, enabled by intrinsic relative electrophilicity, particularly in strongly polarized systems. An archetypical example is the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling (SMCC) of 2,4-dibromopyridine with organoboron species, which typically exhibit C2-arylation site-selectivity using mononuclear Pd (pre)catalysts. Given that Pd speciation, particularly aggregation, is known to lead to the formation of catalytically competent multinuclear Pd species, the influence of these species on cross-coupling site-selectivity remains largely unknown.

Effect of peroxyacetic acid treatment and bruising on the bacterial community and shelf-life of baby spinach.

The importance of leaf integrity, i.e. the effects of bruising (mechanical damage), and sanitisation with peroxyacetic acid (PAA) on bacterial communities of ready-to-eat baby spinach remains unclear.