Circadian activity patterns of mammalian predators and prey in Costa Rica.

Temporal niche shifts can shape predator-prey interactions by enabling predator avoidance, enhancing feeding success, and reducing competition among predators. Using a community-based conservation approach, we investigated temporal niche partitioning of mammalian predators and prey across 12 long-term camera trap surveys in the Pacific slope and Talamanca Cordillera of Costa Rica. Temporal overlap and segregation were investigated between predator-prey and predator-predator pairs using overlap analysis, circular statistics, and relative abundance after accounting for differences in habitat, season, and human impact among sites.

Antimuscarinic syndrome after propofol administration in the emergency department.

Antimuscarinic syndrome (AS), a rare but serious adverse event associated with propofol should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients who develop agitation after its administration. We report a case of antimuscarinic syndrome that developed in an emergency department patient immediately after receiving propofol for the reduction of an elbow dislocation. The patient had received therapeutic doses of meperidine and promethazie several hours before the administration of propofol, and had an estimated serum ethanol level of 64 mg/dL about 1 h before sedation.

Distribution of schistosome infections in molluscan hosts at different levels of parasite prevalence.

Biomphalaria glabrata snails infected with Schistosoma mansoni were collected during consecutive seasons from a site in Brazil known to have a very high percentage of infected snails. Schistosoma mansoni cercariae from single snails were used to infect individual mice, and the recovered adult worms were genetically assessed using a mtVNTR marker. The number of unique parasite genotypes found per snail was compared to expected abundance values, based on the infection prevalence at the site, to determine the distribution of S.