Sex chromosomes have evolved hundreds of times across the flowering plant tree of life; their recent origins in some members of this clade can shed light on the early consequences of suppressed recombination, a crucial step in sex chromosome evolution. Amborella trichopoda, the sole species of a lineage that is sister to all other extant flowering plants, is dioecious with a young ZW sex determination system. Here we present a haplotype-resolved genome assembly, including highly contiguous assemblies of the Z and W chromosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services improve outcomes for young people, but approximately 30% disengage.
Aims: To test whether a new motivational engagement intervention would prolong engagement and whether it was cost-effective.
Method: We conducted a multicentre, single-blind, parallel-group, cluster randomised controlled trial involving 20 EIP teams at five UK National Health Service (NHS) sites.
Background: Most children with developmental disabilities (DD) live in low- and middle-income countries, but access to services is limited, impacting their ability to thrive. Pilot study findings of the World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training (WHO CST) intervention, which equips caregivers with strategies to facilitate learning and adaptive behaviours in children with DD, are promising but evidence from an appropriately powered trial delivered by non-specialist facilitators is lacking. This study will investigate the effectiveness and the resource impacts and costs and consequences of the WHO CST intervention in four sites in rural and urban Kenya and Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: People with severe mental illness (SMI) have worse physical health than the general population. There is evidence that support from volunteers can help the mental health of people with SMI, but little evidence regarding the support they can give for physical health.
Aims: To evaluate the feasibility of an intervention where volunteer 'Health Champions' support people with SMI in managing their physical health.