Lack of impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and salt intake on insulin resistance and limb blood flow.

Objectives: We postulated the mechanism for the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and insulin sensitivity might relate to changes in blood flow regulation. We studied the association of this polymorphism with insulin action, and insulin-mediated changes in limb blood flow (LBF), under conditions of high and low salt intake. We also studied effects of genotype and salt loading on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity.

Effects of Glimepiride vs Glibenclamide on Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factors and Glycaemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of glimepiride and glibenclamide on glycaemic control and a range of risk factors for ischaemic heart disease (IHD), including concentrations of insulin-like molecules.

Patients: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, crossover comparison of 4 weeks of treatment with glibenclamide 2.5 to 20 mg/day and glimepiride 1 to 8 mg/day was undertaken in 29 type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients.

The influence of improved glycaemic control with insulin and sulphonylureas on acute phase and endothelial markers in Type II diabetic subjects.

Aims/hypothesis: Improved glycaemic control might reduce both microvascular and macrovascular complications of Type II diabetes (non-insulin-dependent) mellitus. To explore such possible mechanisms, we investigated the effects of intensive treatment on markers of endothelial dysfunction and of acute phase activation, using both sulphonylureas and insulin.

Methods: In a randomised cross-over study we gave sulphonylureas or insulin each for a period of 16 weeks to 22 poorly controlled Type II diabetic subjects who were being treated by diet.

Effect of salt-loading on blood pressure, insulin sensitivity and limb blood flow in normal subjects.

1. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of high (220 mmol/day) and low (40 mmol/day) salt intake for 6 days on blood pressure, leg blood flow and insulin sensitivity in 18 healthy normotensive subjects. 2.

Effect of insulin versus sulfonylurea therapy on cardiovascular risk factors and fibrinolysis in type II diabetes.

In non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), cardiovascular risk factors improve during treatment, but whether insulin (I) differs from sulfonylurea (SU) therapy is unclear. To separate the contributions of improved diabetic control versus treatment regimen to risk factors, we examined the effects of SU and I on insulin sensitivity, basal and post-glucose load levels of insulin-like molecules, fibrinolysis, and lipid concentrations. Twenty poorly controlled, diet-treated NIDDM subjects were given I or SU each for a period of 16 weeks in a randomized crossover study, with a 4-week washout period between each treatment.