Novel Antineoplastic Inducers of Mitochondrial Apoptosis in Human Cancer Cells.

I propose a new strategy to suppress human cancer completely with two entirely new drug compounds exploiting cancer's effect characterized by a defective mitochondrial aerobic respiration, substituted by cytosolic aerobic fermentation/glycolysis of D-(+)-glucose into L-(+)-lactic acid. The two essentially new drugs, compound [] and compound (), represent new highly symmetric, four-bladed propeller-shaped polyammonium cations. The in vitro antineoplastic highly efficacious drug compound represents a covalent combination of compound and compound ().

A new species of Inosperma, and first record of I. afromelliolens (Inocybaceae, Fungi) from West Africa.

Here, we present the newly identified Inosperma macrocarpa and the first record of I. afromelliolens from West Africa. Inosperma macrocarpa is nested in an Old World Tropical clade, based on a molecular phylogeny inferred from the sequences of ITS, LSU, RPB2, and TEF1.

Hydrofoil-like legs help stream mayfly larvae to stay on the ground.

Adaptations to flow have already been in the focus of early stream research, but till today morphological adaptations of stream insects are hardly understood. While most previous stream research focused on drag, the effects of lift on ground-living stream insects have been often overlooked. Stream mayfly larvae Ecdyonurus sp.

The haustorium as a driving force for speciation in thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes.

Laboulbeniomycetes is a class of fungi that have obligate associations with arthropod hosts, either for dispersal (order Pyxidiophorales) or as biotrophic parasites (orders Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales). Here, we focus on Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales, which include fungi that form thalli, 3-dimensional, multicellular units of 1000 s of cells. Based on recently published data regarding patterns of speciation, we present the One-Host-One-Parasite model (1H1P) for haustorial thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes.

Four new species of subgenus from China.

subgenus is widely distributed in the world. In this study, 114 specimens were included in multigene phylogenetic analyses that allowed a better circumscription of the four sections in . subg.