Determination of the lipid content of organic waste using time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance.

Time-Domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (TD-NMR) was used to quantify the lipid contents of 48 different organic waste substrates. Results obtained from TD-NMR were compared to those from Soxhlet extraction, currently the prevalent method for organic waste characterization, especially in the field of anaerobic digestion. Two calibration methods were tested.

Temperature mapping in bread dough using SE and GE two-point MRI methods: experimental and theoretical estimation of uncertainty.

Two-dimensional (2D)-SE, 2D-GE and tri-dimensional (3D)-GE two-point T(1)-weighted MRI methods were evaluated in this study in order to maximize the accuracy of temperature mapping of bread dough during thermal processing. Uncertainties were propagated throughout each protocol of measurement, and comparisons demonstrated that all the methods with comparable acquisition times minimized the temperature uncertainty to similar extent. The experimental uncertainties obtained with low-field MRI were also compared to the theoretical estimations.

Quantification of microporosity in fruit by MRI at various magnetic fields: comparison with X-ray microtomography.

Microstructure determines the mechanical and transport properties of fruit tissues. One important characteristic of the microstructure is the relative volume fraction of gas-filled intercellular spaces, i.e.

Magnetic resonance imaging method based on magnetic susceptibility effects to estimate bubble size in alveolar products: application to bread dough during proving.

Magnetic resonance imaging has proven its potential application in bread dough and gas cell monitoring studies, and dynamic processes such as dough proving and baking can be monitored. However, undesirable magnetic susceptibility effects often affect quantification studies, especially at high fields. A new low-field method is presented based on local assessment of porosity in spin-echo imaging, local characterization of signal loss in gradient-echo imaging and prediction of relaxation times by simulation to estimate bubble radii in bread dough during proving.

Signal decay due to susceptibility-induced intravoxel dephasing on multiple air-filled cylinders: MRI simulations and experiments.

Objective: Characterization of magnetic susceptibility artefacts with assessment of the gradient-echo signal decay function of echo time, pixel size, and object geometry in the case of air-filled cylinders embedded in water.

Materials And Methods: Experiments were performed with a 0.2 T magnet on a network of small interacting air-filled cylinders along with Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) simulations integrating intravoxel dephasing.