Total Knee Arthroplasty Automated Implant Detector: An Uncertainty-Aware Deep Learning Classifier to Identify Total Knee Arthroplasty Implants.

Background: A drastic increase in the volume of primary total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) performed nationwide will inevitably lead to higher volumes of revision TKAs in which the primary knee implant must be removed. An important step in preoperative planning for revision TKA is implant identification, which is time-consuming and difficult even for experienced surgeons. We sought to develop a deep learning algorithm to automatically identify the most common models of primary TKA implants.

Activity of the mammalian DNA transposon piggyBat from Myotis lucifugus is restricted by its own transposon ends.

Members of the piggyBac superfamily of DNA transposons are widely distributed in host genomes ranging from insects to mammals. The human genome has retained five piggyBac-derived genes as domesticated elements although they are no longer mobile. Here, we have investigated the transposition properties of piggyBat from Myotis lucifugus, the only known active mammalian DNA transposon, and show that its low activity in human cells is due to subterminal inhibitory DNA sequences.

Impact of Leg Position on Measurements Used to Detect Femoral Component Subsidence in THA.

Background: A fully automated artificial intelligence-based tool was developed to detect and quantify femoral component subsidence between serial radiographs. However, it did not account for measurement errors due to leg position differences, such as rotation or flexion, between comparative radiographs. If there are small differences in rotation or flexion of the leg between comparative radiographs, the impact on subsidence measurement is unclear.

Uncertainty-Aware Deep Learning Characterization of Knee Radiographs for Large-Scale Registry Creation.

Background: We present an automated image ingestion pipeline for a knee radiography registry, integrating a multilabel image-semantic classifier with conformal prediction-based uncertainty quantification and an object detection model for knee hardware.

Methods: Annotators retrospectively classified 26,000 knee images detailing presence, laterality, prostheses, and radiographic views. They further annotated surgical construct locations in 11,841 knee radiographs.

Uptake of health economic evaluations alongside clinical trials in Australia: an observational study.

Background: Australia's clinical trials sector is highly productive with continued sector investment needed to enhance research impact. Generating economic evidence alongside trials has the potential to facilitate the implementation of trial results into practice. Ascertaining the use of health economic evaluations alongside clinical trials can assist in determining whether clinical trials fully realize and operationalize their potential to change policy and practice.