Abdominal rescue after failed cephalic replacement.

Background: Since the introduction of cephalic replacement for shoulder dystocia, the management of failures has not been addressed. The purpose of this report is to describe abdominal hysterotomy as an alternative approach to the resolution of shoulder dystocia.

Case: A 21-year-old woman, gravida 1, experienced severe shoulder dystocia following partial delivery of a 4320-g infant.

Cytosolic and nuclear androgen receptors in colorectal adenomas.

The aim of this study was to verify the presence of androgen receptors (AR) in human colorectal adenomas and in normal adjacent mucosa, and to determine whether there is any difference in AR tissue content between females and males. Our data show higher levels of nuclear AR in normal mucosa than in adenomas (p less than 0.001).