Impact of yeast extract and basal salts medium on 1,4-dioxane biodegradation rates and the microorganisms involved in carbon uptake from 1,4-dioxane.

Conventional physical and chemical treatment technologies for 1,4-dioxane can be ineffective and consequently attention has focused on bioremediation. Towards this, the current research investigated the impact of basal salts medium (BSM) and yeast extract on 1,4-dioxane biodegradation rates in microcosms with different soil or sediment (agricultural soil, wetland sediment, sediment from an impacted site). Phylotypes responsible for carbon uptake from 1,4-dioxane were determined using stable isotope probing (SIP), both with and without BSM and yeast extract.

Comprehensive model for predicting toxic equivalents (TEQ) reduction due to dechlorination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F congeners).

Remediation-focused predictive tools for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) rely on transformation models to evaluate the reduction in total contaminant load and toxic equivalency (TEQ). In this study, a comprehensive model predicting the profiles of PCDD/F congeners and the associated TEQs was developed. The model employs first-order kinetics to describe the transformation of 256 reactions for 75 PCDD congeners and 421 reactions for 135 PCDF congeners.

Electrochemical Detection of Nucleic Acids Using Three-Dimensional Graphene Screen-Printed Electrodes.

Electrochemical approaches, along with miniaturization of electrodes, are increasingly being employed to detect and quantify nucleic acid biomarkers. Miniaturization of the electrodes is achieved through the use of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs), which consist of one to a few dozen sets of electrodes, or by utilizing printed circuit boards. Electrode materials used in SPEs include glassy carbon (Chiang H-C, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Levon K, Biosensors (Basel) 9:2-11, 2019), platinum, carbon, and graphene (Cheng FF, He TT, Miao HT, Shi JJ, Jiang LP, Zhu JJ, ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 7:2979-2985, 2015).

Propane Monooxygenases in Soil Associated Metagenomes Align Most Closely to those in the Genera Kribbella, Amycolatopsis, Bradyrhizobium, Paraburkholderia and Burkholderia.

Propanotrophs are a focus of interest because of their ability to degrade numerous environmental contaminants. To explore the phylogeny of microorganisms containing the propane monooxygenase gene cluster (prmABCD), NCBI bacterial genomes and publicly available soil associated metagenomes (from soils, rhizospheres, tree roots) were both examined. Nucleic acid sequences were collected only if all four subunits were located together, were of the expected length and were annotated as propane monooxygenase subunits.