Absence-to-bilateral-tonic-clonic seizure: A generalized seizure type.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that absence seizures can evolve to generalized tonic-clonic seizures, we documented electroclinical features of this novel seizure type.

Methods: In 4 large video-EEG databases, we identified recordings of seizures starting with impaired awareness that, without returning to baseline interictal state, evolved to generalized tonic-clonic seizures. We extracted the detailed semiologic and electrographic characteristics of these seizures, and we documented the clinical background, diagnoses, and therapeutic responses in these patients.

From global campaign to global commitment: The World Health Assembly's Resolution on epilepsy.

Tuesday May 26, 2015, will be remembered as an historic day in the fight against epilepsy. On that date, the World Health Assembly approved unanimously the Resolution on the "Global Burden of Epilepsy and the Need for Coordinated Action at the Country Level to Address its Health, Social and Public Knowledge Implications," which urges Member States to implement a coordinated action against epilepsy and its consequences. This event, which comes almost 20 years after the establishment of the Global Campaign against Epilepsy, is another landmark in the longstanding collaboration among the World Health Organization (WHO), the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE) in addressing the needs of people with epilepsy.

Clinical and genetic analysis of a family with two rare reflex epilepsies.

Purpose: To determine clinical phenotypes, evolution and genetic background of a large family with a combination of two unusual forms of reflex epilepsies.

Method: Phenotyping was performed in eighteen family members (10 F, 8 M) including standardized EEG recordings with intermittent photic stimulation (IPS). Genetic analyses (linkage scans, Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) and Functional studies) were performed using photoparoxysmal EEG responses (PPRs) as affection status.

Valproate in the treatment of epilepsy in girls and women of childbearing potential.

This document provides guidance on the use of valproate in girls and women of childbearing age from a joint Task Force of the Commission on European Affairs of the International League Against Epilepsy (CEA-ILAE) and the European Academy of Neurology (EAN), following strengthened warnings from the Coordination Group for Mutual Recognition and Decentralised Procedures-Human (CMDh) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA), which highlight the risk of malformations and developmental problems in infants who are exposed to valproate in the womb. To produce these recommendations, the Task Force has considered teratogenic risks associated with use of valproate and treatment alternatives, the importance of seizure control and of patient and fetal risks with seizures, and the effectiveness of valproate and treatment alternatives in the treatment of different epilepsies. The Task Force's recommendations include the following: (1) Where possible, valproate should be avoided in women of childbearing potential.