Publications by authors named "A Costanzini"
Efficacy of sodium oxybate plus disulfiram for the maintenance of alcohol abstinence in treatment-resistant patients with alcohol use disorder: a multicentre retrospective study.
Ann Ist Super Sanita
December 2024
Introduction: Disulfiram (DF), acamprosate, naltrexone, baclofen and sodium oxybate (SO) are currently the medications approved for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). In this context, combined pharmacological interventions and sex differences are an interesting area in the treatment of non-responder AUD patients.
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of SO in combination with DF in maintaining alcohol abstinence in patients with AUD who failed to achieve abstinence either with SO or DF alone.
Article Synopsis
- Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is a common condition triggered by aeroallergens, and this study investigates how a blend of specific probiotics affects AR symptoms and gut microbiota in affected individuals.
- The probiotic group showed significant improvements in their quality of life scores throughout the treatment period, particularly at four and eight weeks, compared to the placebo group.
- The study suggests that probiotics can enhance AR symptoms and promote beneficial bacteria in the gut, shifting the microbiota towards anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic profiles.
Background And Purpose: Aiming to achieve light sedation via intranasal administration, this study showed that propofol (PPF) did not permeate across the rabbit nasal mucosa ex vivo from its marketed emulsion for injection.
Experimental Approach: Dilution of the emulsion with methyl-β-cyclodextrin in saline solution increased propofol solubility in water and diffusion across the nasal epithelium.
Key Results And Conclusion: Despite these positive effects of the cyclodextrin, the amount of PPF permeated was minimal in 3 h, exceeding the formulation residence time in the nose.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers discovered a recessive syndrome linked to mutations in the DNA ligase 3 (LIG3) gene that causes chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction and other neurological issues due to impaired mitochondrial DNA maintenance and energy production.
- They performed whole transcriptome analysis on patient fibroblasts, finding deregulated genes related to mitochondrial function and extracellular matrix development, and tested l-glutamine supplementation to address energy impairments.
- Treatment with l-glutamine significantly improved the symptoms of patients with LIG3 mutations, highlighting its potential as a targeted therapy for mitochondrial dysfunction related to this condition.*
Introduction: During the treatment of alcohol use disorder, alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) can occur. Benzodiazepines remain the "gold standard" for the pharmacological treatment of AWS. However, other drugs have been approved in some European Countries for the treatment of AWS: namely, clomethiazole in Spain and Germany and sodium oxybate in Italy and Austria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF