Evaluation of the ASPYRE-Lung targeted variant panel: a rapid, low-input solution for non-small cell lung cancer biomarker testing and experience from three independent sites.

Background: Many patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lack access to highly effective approved targeted therapeutics due to multiple gaps in biomarker testing. Challenges in comprehensive molecular testing include complexities associated with the need to assess the presence of multiple variants, costs of running multiple sequential assays per sample, high assay quality control (QC) failure rates, clinical need for rapid turn-around time (TAT) to initiate therapy, and insufficient tissue samples. The ASPYRE-Lung NSCLC assay addresses gaps in multiplexed testing by simultaneously analyzing DNA and RNA, detecting 114 actionable genomic variants across 11 genes, consistent with current NSCLC treatment guidelines.

Recognition of EEG Signals from Imagined Vowels Using Deep Learning Methods.

The use of imagined speech with electroencephalographic (EEG) signals is a promising field of brain-computer interfaces (BCI) that seeks communication between areas of the cerebral cortex related to language and devices or machines. However, the complexity of this brain process makes the analysis and classification of this type of signals a relevant topic of research. The goals of this study were: to develop a new algorithm based on Deep Learning (DL), referred to as CNNeeg1-1, to recognize EEG signals in imagined vowel tasks; to create an imagined speech database with 50 subjects specialized in imagined vowels from the Spanish language (/a/,/e/,/i/,/o/,/u/); and to contrast the performance of the CNNeeg1-1 algorithm with the DL Shallow CNN and EEGNet benchmark algorithms using an open access database (BD1) and the newly developed database (BD2).

Vaginal neutrophils eliminate sperm by trogocytosis.

Study Question: What is the vaginal polymorphonuclear (PMN) spermicidal mechanism to reduce the excess of sperm?

Summary Answer: We show that PMNs are very efficient at killing sperm by a trogocytosis-dependent spermicidal activity independent of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).

What Is Known Already: Trogocytosis has been described as an active membrane exchange between immune cells with a regulatory purpose. Recently, trogocytosis has been reported as a mechanism which PMNs use to kill tumour cells or Trichomonas vaginalis.

Evaluation of the Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay in a low-prevalence setting: The role of samples with a low S/CO ratio.

Background: The Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay, a fourth-generation ELISA, has proven to be highly reliable for the diagnosis of HIV infection. However, its high sensitivity may lead to false-positive results.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of Architect in a low-prevalence population and to assess the role of the sample-to-cutoff ratio (S/CO) in reducing the frequency of false-positive results.