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The objective of this study is to identify the essential hard and soft skills that healthcare professionals must develop when working in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC), where the socio-economic and cultural context differs significantly from that of Italy. The analysis was conducted following a period of observation conducted by a hospital pharmacy resident at a rural hospital in southern Tanzania. In order to ascertain the role and requisite competencies for hospital pharmacists (HPs) in LMICs, an investigation was conducted based on the 24 competencies identified by EAHP.

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Purpose: Telepharmacy (TF) represents a tool to manage the complexity related to drug therapies and to guarantee continuity of patient empowerment in transitions of care. The aim of this work is to analyze the critical issues related to the implementation of the TF service, in order to enhance its application.

Results: Over 27 months, the TF service was offered to 60 patients.

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Hospital logistics automation applied to the dispensing of medicines to patients in care transition (hospital discharge or outpatient visit) offers significant opportunities to improve risk management and ensure the quality of healthcare. The adoption of technological innovation in hospital requires organizational changes, development of new workflows, collaboration between different professionals and acquisition of new skills. The logistics automation system was analyzed using NOISE analysis, as a strategic planning tool, in order to assess the impact of this innovation.