Hormonal parameters and sex hormone receptor gene polymorphisms in men with autoimmune diseases.

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are more common in women than in men. Sex hormones may play a role. Sex hormone receptors (SHR) are expressed in cells of the immune system.

Severity of coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women: association with the androgen receptor gene (CAG)n repeat polymorphism.

Objective: Androgen may adversely affect vascular health in women. We investigated the associations between the androgen receptor gene (CAG)n repeat polymorphism, which affects androgen receptor transcriptional activity, and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in women undergoing coronary angiography.

Methods: We examined 131 postmenopausal women (46-82 y).

The Pro 12 Ala PPAR gamma gene polymorphism: possible modifier of the activity and severity of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).

Objective: The PPAR gamma transcription factor, is involved in both adipogenesis and inflammation, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO). The aim of this study was to explore the possibility that the Pro(12)Ala polymorphism of the PPAR gamma gene, associated with a modified transcriptional activity, might be affecting the severity of TAO.

Subjects And Design: We studied two cohorts of patients with Graves' disease (GD): Group 1 comprised 172 patients of Dutch ethnic origin with TAO, who attended the outpatients' clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Orbital Centre of the Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam.

Severity of coronary artery disease in postmenopausal diabetic women.

Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) risk increases in women after the menopause. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of diabetes on the severity of CAD in postmenopausal women undergoing coronary angiography.

Design: 180 postmenopausal women underwent coronary angiography for suspected CAD.

The importance of the (TAAAA)n alleles at the SHBG gene promoter for the severity of coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women.

Objective: Androgen may be detrimental in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) in women. We investigated possible associations between the (TAAAA)n polymorphism of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) gene promoter, which influences transcriptional efficiency of the SHBG gene and the severity of CAD in women.

Design: In this prospective clinical study, 146 postmenopausal women (46-88 y) undergoing coronary angiography were studied.