Publications by authors named "A Chitnis"
Background: Tuberculosis infection (TBI) and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection disproportionately affect non-US-born persons. Early identification and treatment are critical to reduce transmission, morbidity, and mortality, but little is known about screening in the United States.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in a large integrated California health system in September 2022 assessing TBI and HBV screening among persons aged ≥18 years who were born in countries with high TB burden (TB disease incidence rates ≥20/100 000 population) and/or HBV burden (hepatitis B surface antigen seroprevalence >2%).
Epidemiology of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection, Alameda County, California, 2017-2021.
J Public Health Manag Pract
January 2025
Context: In the United States, chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection predominantly affects ethnic minorities and vulnerable populations.
Objective: We analyzed surveillance data to describe CHB epidemiology to guide hepatitis B virus (HBV) elimination efforts in Alameda County.
Design: Persons with CHB during 2017-2021 were identified by ≥2 positive HBV tests (ie, HBsAg, HbeAg, and HBV DNA) ≥180 days apart using data from California Reportable Disease Information Exchange.
Advanced pulmonary tuberculosis in Alameda County: Ten-year incidence and risk factors.
J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis
December 2024
Background: Advanced pulmonary tuberculosis (APT) may reflect delays in tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and contribute to ongoing disease transmission and poor outcomes. We characterized trends and factors associated with APT over ten years in a high TB-burden county within the United States.
Methods: We evaluated microbiologically and clinically confirmed TB cases reported to the Alameda County Public Health Department during 2010-2019.
Article Synopsis
- Hemochromatosis leads to excessive iron buildup in the body, causing organ dysfunction, as seen in a 50-year-old woman who presented with symptoms like jaundice and abdominal pain.
- Tests showed high bilirubin levels and imaging indicated liver issues, which were confirmed by a biopsy revealing iron deposits.
- Despite negative genetic tests for common mutations, she was diagnosed with non-HFE hereditary hemochromatosis and started weekly phlebotomy, with a liver transplant as a potential future option.
A reduction in the cost of production and energy requirement is necessary for developing sustainable commercial bioprocesses. Bypassing sterilization, which is an energy and cost-intensive part of bioprocesses could be a way to achieve this. In this study, nonsterile cultivation of Yarrowia lipolytica was done on a synthetic medium containing acetic acid as the sole carbon source using two different strategies in the fed-batch mode.
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