What drives farmers' behavior under climate change? Decoding risk awareness, perceived impacts, and adaptive capacity in northern Italy.

Understanding climate change in a precise and timely manner may assist in gauging the occurrence and seriousness of its impacts, thereby boosting the adaptive capacity and responsiveness of farmers. This investigation looks into farmers' knowledge of climate change, their perception of risks and impacts, and the strategies they anticipate to tackle the challenges of adaptation. A well-structured online survey covering risk awareness, perception, and adaptation was used to randomly sample 460 respondents from 12 irrigation districts in northern Italy.

Solving the robustness puzzle: The joint impact of optimization approach, robustness metrics, and scenarios on water resources management under deep uncertainty.

The concept of robustness has been widely used in water resources management to identify solutions that perform satisfactorily across a range of plausible future conditions to increase confidence in decision-making in a deeply uncertain future. However, the selection of an appropriate metric to quantify robustness remains challenging due to the existence of multiple choices reflecting different risk preferences. In addition, different scenarios can be used to represent plausible future conditions, which adds another layer of complexity to solution identification.

Declining cost of renewables and climate change curb the need for African hydropower expansion.

Across continental Africa, more than 300 new hydropower projects are under consideration to meet the future energy demand that is expected based on the growing population and increasing energy access. Yet large uncertainties associated with hydroclimatic and socioeconomic changes challenge hydropower planning. In this work, we show that only 40 to 68% of the candidate hydropower capacity in Africa is economically attractive.