Immunological characterization of a VIR protein family member (VIR-14) in Plasmodium vivax-infected subjects from different epidemiological regions in Africa and South America.

Plasmodium vivax is a major challenge for malaria control due to its wide geographic distribution, high frequency of submicroscopic infections, and ability to induce relapses due to the latent forms present in the liver (hypnozoites). Deepening our knowledge of parasite biology and its molecular components is key to develop new tools for malaria control and elimination. This study aims to investigate and characterize a P.

Proteomic Analysis of Urine from Patients with Malaria Unravels a Unique Protein That Is Absent from .

Five species of cause malaria in humans and two of them, and , pose the greatest threat. Rapid antigen detection tests (RADT) have been used for many years to diagnose and distinguish malaria caused by these two parasites. malaria can single-handedly be diagnosed using an RADT, which detects the unique specific histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2).

Assessment of a New Antigen Detection Test for the Diagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis.

Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a serious zoonotic disease in Brazil and Southern Europe. CVL is primarily caused by Leishmania infantum and its diagnosis relies largely on detection of parasites in bone marrow or lymph node aspirates by microscopic observation of the parasites in stained smears, parasite culture, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serological tests exist but they do not distinguish active disease from simple exposure to parasite antigens.

Urine-Based Antigen (Protein) Detection Test for the Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis.

This review describes and appraises a novel protein-based antigen detection test for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The test detects in patient's urine six proteins from and , the etiological agents of VL. The gold standard test for VL is microscopic observation of the parasites in aspirates from spleen, liver, or bone marrow (and lymph node for dogs).

Urine-based antigen detection assay for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis using monoclonal antibodies specific for six protein biomarkers of Leishmania infantum / Leishmania donovani.

The development of an accurate protein-based antigen detection assay for diagnosis of active visceral leishmaniasis (VL) would represent a major clinical advance. VL is a serious and fatal disease caused by the parasites Leishmania infantum and Leishmania donovani. The gold standard confirmatory diagnostic test for VL is the demonstration of parasites or their DNA from aspirates from spleen, lymph node, and bone marrow or from blood buffy coats.