Strategies for the Fortification of Human Milk in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.

Breast milk is the best source of nourishment for both full-term and preterm newborns. However, in preterm newborns, exclusive breastfeeding can lead to nutritional deficiencies, with short- and long-term consequences on growth and neurocognitive development. Breast milk fortification is a widely used strategy to provide an adequate nutritional profile to these patients.

Predictive analysis of lung function in school-age children born with very low birthweight, according to the definition used of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. A retrospective observational analysis.

Aim: To determine the predictive value of the definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on spirometric parameters of very low birthweight (VLBW) children of school age between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2016.

Methods: In this longitudinal retrospective observational study, we analyse a cohort of children admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2016. All newborns weighing <1500 g and born before 32 weeks of gestational age were included in the study (VLBW newborns).

Analysis of the Association between In Vitro Fertilization/Assisted Conception and the Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Very-Low-Birth Weight Newborns.

Objective: The objective is to study to what extent the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is associated with assisted conception (AC) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) in a tertiary referral hospital.

Materials And Methods: This study is a retrospective observational cohort study. Very-low-birth weight (VLBW) infants with gestational age (GA) <32 weeks or birth weight <1500 g were admitted to the neonatal unit of a tertiary care hospital between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2021.

Evidence on the benefits of probiotics for preterm infants.

This article reviews the evidence for the use of different strains of probiotics in the prevention of prevalent pathologies in premature neonates. A systematic review was conducted of the use of probiotics in neonates with less than 37 weeks of gestational age, based on a search for systematic reviews and observational and experimental studies performed during the period from January 2014 to February 2021. For this purpose, the PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases were consulted.

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and breastmilk are associated with a decreased risk of atopic dermatitis in very low birth weight premature infants.

In this study, we analyse the influence of nutrition during the early neonatal period on the development and prevention of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children with a history of very low birth weight (VLBW). A retrospective cohort study was performed of VLBW preterm infants to assess the risk of their developing AD during childhood, according to nutrition with breastmilk and/or probiotic supplementation during the neonatal period. The analysis focused on nutritional and early childhood follow-up data for 437 newborns, of whom 184 received probiotics up to 36 weeks postmenstrual age.