Publications by authors named "A Callen"
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are a challenging condition characterized by the loss of CSF, leading to severe orthostatic headaches and other debilitating symptoms. Diagnosis and management require a multifaceted approach involving clinical evaluation, imaging, and various treatment modalities to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWith large wildfires becoming more frequent, we must rapidly learn how megafires impact biodiversity to prioritize mitigation and improve policy. A key challenge is to discover how interactions among fire-regime components, drought and land tenure shape wildfire impacts. The globally unprecedented 2019-2020 Australian megafires burnt more than 10 million hectares, prompting major investment in biodiversity monitoring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing the Diagnostic Value of Brain White Matter Hyperintensities and Clinical Symptoms in Predicting the Detection of CSF Venous Fistula in Patients with Suspected Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol
October 2024
Background And Purpose: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) due to CSF venous fistula (CVF) is increasingly recognized as a secondary cause of headaches, with symptoms often overlapping with primary headache syndromes such as migraine. While brain MRI studies have focused on features indicative of SIH, findings that support an alternate headache etiology, such as the bifrontal white matter hyperintensities (WMH) often seen in migraines, have not been explored in this context. This study assesses 1) the quantity and distribution of WMH and 2) the presenting clinical features in patients with and without CVF found on dynamic decubitus CT myelography (dCTM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is primarily caused by spinal CSF leaks, mostly reported in adults, but this report focuses on its occurrence in children.
- Recent advances in specialized myelography techniques have improved the localization of these leaks, yet there's been limited research in the pediatric population due to the rarity of the condition and concerns about invasive procedures.
- This study reviews pediatric cases with spontaneously occurring spinal CSF leaks, identifying similar leak types found in adults, and demonstrates that advanced imaging techniques can effectively pinpoint and aid in the treatment of these leaks.
Article Synopsis
- Deep gray matter (DGM) atrophy and lesions are prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), with a higher incidence of thalamic lesions.
- An optimized automated segmentation technique using 7 T MRI revealed significant DGM volume loss in MS patients compared to healthy controls, particularly in the caudate region.
- The study found strong correlations between DGM atrophy, white matter lesions, and physical disability, suggesting that DGM abnormalities are closely linked to the severity of disability in RRMS.