Endovenous treatment for varicose veins of the lower limbs: Comparative histological evaluation of different techniques.

Background: In recent years, tumescent ablative techniques have been joined by non-tumescent ablative techniques. The aim of the research is to study and compare the effects produced by the different endovascular ablative techniques, from the histological point of view, at the level of the venous wall (endothelium, tunica media and adventitia).

Method: The study involves the use of three ablative endovascular techniques (EVLA, MOCA, CGO) on bench for the treatment of the great saphenous vein.

Segmental differences in daytime changes of leg volume.

Background: The aim of our study was to comparatively assess volume changes related to daily occupation of the whole leg (WLv), of the lower leg (LLv) and of the upper leg (ULv) in subject with no venous and lymphatic disorders.

Method: WLv, LLv, and Ulv were evaluated by water displacement volumetry (WDV) in the morning and in the evening in 20 healthy subjects.

Results: In the legs with occupational edema (OE), WLv increased by 7.

The anterior saphenous vein. Part 3. Systematic review of the literature and payor coverage policies. Endorsed by the American Vein and Lymphatic Society, the American Venous Forum, and the International Union of Phlebology.

Objective: The objective of this study is to systemically review the literature on Anterior Saphenous Vein (ASV) reflux treatment and insurance impediments to treatment coverage.

Methods: A literature search was performed using a PRISMA framework. In addition, a cross-sectional analysis of insurance policies for ASV treatment was evaluated.

The anterior saphenous vein. Part 2. Anatomic considerations in normal and refluxing patients. Endorsed by the American Vein and Lymphatic Society, the American Venous Forum, and the International Union of Phlebology.

Background: The term Anterior Accessory of the Great Saphenous Vein suggests this is a branch tributary vein despite this vessel's anatomic features of a truncal vein. A multisocietal group suggested to designate this the anterior saphenous vein (ASV). This study was aimed to evaluate its ultrasound anatomy in normal and varicose limbs.

The anterior saphenous vein. Part 4. Clinical and technical considerations in treatment. Endorsed by the American Vein and Lymphatic Society, the American Venous Forum, and the International Union of Phlebology.

Background: The decision to treat a refluxing anterior saphenous vein (ASV) should be a clinical decision based on the assessment on the ASV's contribution to patient's signs and symptoms. Once the decision to treat has been made, there are anatomic, clinical, and technical considerations in treatment planning.

Methods: Clinical scenarios were discussed by a panel of experts and common anatomic, clinical, and technical considerations were identified.