Temporal reflection and refraction in the presence of a zero-nonlinearity wavelength.

We put forth a theoretical model allowing for the analysis of short-pulse interactions at time boundaries in waveguides with arbitrary frequency-dependent nonlinear profiles, in particular those exhibiting a zero-nonlinearity wavelength. Moreover, this is performed within a photon-conserving framework, thus circumventing use of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in such scenarios, as it may lead to unphysical outcomes. Results indicate that the waveguide zero-nonlinearity wavelength has a great influence on said interactions, specifically by defining spectral bands where either signal total reflection or signal transmission can occur.

Immunoexpression of Heat Shock Protein 70, Glypican 3, Glutamine Synthetase, and Beta-Catenin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation: Association Between Positive Glypican 3 and Beta-Catenin With the Presence of Larger Nodules.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 6th leading cause of cancer worldwide. Its recurrence ranges from 6% to 26%. In the literature, many factors are associated with higher risk of recurrence, without a clear definition of the best method that could predict this highly lethal event.