Multi-level Factors to Build Confidence and Support in Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Active surveillance (AS) is the guideline-recommended treatment for low-risk prostate cancer and involves routine provider visits, lab tests, imaging, and prostate biopsies. Despite good uptake, adherence to AS, in terms of receiving recommended follow-up testing and remaining on AS in the absence of evidence of cancer progression, remains challenging.

Objective: We sought to better understand urologist, primary care providers (PCPs), and patient experiences with AS care delivery to identify opportunities to improve adherence.

Evolving strategies for addressing CAR T-cell toxicities.

The field of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has grown from a fully experimental concept to now boasting a multitude of treatments including six FDA-approved products targeting various hematologic malignancies. Yet, along with their efficacy, these therapies come with side effects requiring timely and thoughtful interventions. In this review, we discuss the most common toxicities associated with CAR T-cells to date, highlighting risk factors, prognostication, implications for critical care management, patient experience optimization, and ongoing work in the field of toxicity mitigation.

Up for the tackle? The pelvic floor and rugby. A review.

The pelvic floor and its associated disorders are a unique and often overlooked aspect of women's rugby. This review discusses relevant biopsychosocial considerations specific to the pelvic floor and rugby. Pelvic floor disorders can present at any time across the female lifespan but are more prevalent during pregnancy and postpartum.

Type I IFN-mediated NET release promotes Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication and is associated with granuloma caseation.

Neutrophils are the most abundant cell type in the airways of tuberculosis patients. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection induces the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs); however, the molecular regulation and impact of NET release on Mtb pathogenesis are unknown. We find that during Mtb infection in neutrophils, PAD4 citrullinates histones to decondense chromatin that gets released as NETs in a manner that can maintain neutrophil viability and promote Mtb replication.